JMIR Research Protocols

Children with medical complexity (CMC) experience frequent acute health deteriorations, leading to recurrent hospitalizations. Home monitoring has been suggested to help reduce hospitalizations among CMC, yet the benefits have not been demonstrated. MyChildCMC is a novel app, co-designed with parents, that supports CMC home monitoring to identify early warning signs of acute health changes to promote timely intervention.

The integration of wearable device–based telemonitoring into hospital systems presents a transformative opportunity for chronic disease management, particularly in settings such as Indonesia facing a high burden of noncommunicable diseases. However, widespread adoption is hindered by multifaceted operational barriers, including workflow integration, data management, and unclear adoption pathways, highlighting a critical need for structured, evidence-based guidance.

Primary dysmenorrhea is a prevalent menstrual disorder affecting adolescents and young women worldwide and is associated with substantial impairment in daily functioning, academic performance, psychosocial well-being, and quality of life. Conventional treatments, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and hormonal therapies, often provide temporary symptomatic relief but may cause adverse effects with prolonged use. Rajahpravartini Vati, a classical Ayurvedic herbomineral formulation traditionally indicated for painful menstruation, has shown preliminary therapeutic potential but lacks evaluation in a rigorous placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Patient safety culture (PSC) is a foundational component of quality health care. It is characterized by health care workers’ individual attitudes, team dynamics, and organizational practices that influence clinical outcomes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitals worldwide faced sudden changes and crises. In this rapidly evolving environment, organizational models were revised, established procedures were challenged, and professional roles were redefined; therefore, many aspects of safety culture may have been reshaped and redefined by the pandemic. Despite a growing body of literature examining PSC during the COVID-19 era, no comprehensive synthesis has yet mapped how PSC was conceptualized, measured, operationalized, and sustained across hospital settings during the pandemic. This gap highlights the need for an integrated synthesis that captures the multiple dimensions of PSC as they were experienced and managed during the pandemic.

Chronic ankle instability (CAI) develops in a large majority of patients with lateral ankle sprain (LAS), who often experience recurring injuries, residual feelings of instability, and abnormal neuromuscular patterns. Specifically, gait alterations are common in those with CAI and considered a contributing factor to poor long-term ankle joint health. Yet, there are no evidence-based gait-training protocols targeted to improve biomechanics, which may improve long-term outcomes related to ankle joint health and patient satisfaction.

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) remains a major barrier to tuberculosis elimination, particularly in community settings where household contacts (HHCs) of patients with active tuberculosis are at increased risk of infection and progression to disease. Current tests for LTBI have practical limitations that restrict their use in field and primary care settings. Antigen-based skin testing, combined with digital tools for induration measurement, may improve the accuracy and delivery of HHC screening under routine program conditions.

Psychosocial risk factors increase the risk of long-term illnesses and prolonged return-to-work processes, with serious consequences for individuals as well as society. In general practice, psychosocial risk factors are captured comprehensively because general practitioners usually care for patients for years and know the patients’ entire social environment. Numerous studies have been conducted on aspects of psychosocial risk factors. However, a comprehensive, unrestricted summary of psychosocial risk factors is currently lacking.

Cancer is a significant public health challenge in India, contributing to 8.3% of deaths and 5.0% of disability-adjusted life years in 2016—nearly twice its contribution in 1990. Fragmented service delivery, limited specialist availability, late presentation, and significant financial hardship continue to hinder access to timely and effective cancer care, particularly in rural and underserved regions. A comprehensive, system-level assessment is essential to inform evidence-based planning and strengthen cancer services nationwide.

The rising prevalence of obesity among preschool children has become a critical public health concern in Suzhou, China. Nevertheless, evidence-based, personalized, and multicomponent intervention strategies tailored to children with overweight or obesity remain inadequately established in current practice.

AI has quickly become integrated into higher education, transforming how students access information, complete academic tasks, and engage with learning. Universities of technology, with their focus on applied learning, technological skills, and graduate employability, face both challenges and opportunities in incorporating AI in ways that improve learning without sacrificing conceptual understanding, critical thinking, or academic integrity. While current research highlights widespread student use of AI tools, there remains limited empirical evidence on how undergraduate students in applied and health-related fields interact with AI, perceive its educational impact, and manage risks associated with overreliance.

Psychological distress disproportionately affects women in South Africa and is shaped by complex structural, socioeconomic, and psychosocial determinants, particularly within the context of HIV. Despite policy commitments to integrate mental health services into existing health systems, current interventions are limited in their capacity to address these intersecting determinants and are frequently insufficiently targeted, contextually responsive, or inclusive. Data-driven strategies that identify subgroup-specific vulnerabilities may improve the design of contextually relevant and culturally grounded psychosocial interventions.

Tobacco use remains a leading preventable cause of disease, yet adolescent-focused tobacco prevention is underexploited. We developed a real-time adaptive intervention that combines school-family collaboration with online-offline delivery (via WeChat mini-programs, games, and curricula) to address adolescents’ overlooked role as health catalysts and persistent household secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure.