Published on in Vol 15 (2026)

1 School of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
2 XR-Lab, Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation Hub, Department of Computer Science, Multimedia and Telecommunication, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
3 Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Valencia, Spain
4 Well-Being, Health, and Society Research Group, School of Psychology and Education, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
5 Measuring and Improving Student Success, Futures of Education in the Digital Age Research Centre (UOC-FuturEd), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
*all authors contributed equally
