Published on in Vol 14 (2025)

1 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veteran Affairs Bedford Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Bedford, MA, United States
2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
3 Pain Research, Informatics, Multi-morbidities, and Education Center, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, United States
4 School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
5 Research and Development Service, Dallas VA Medical Center, Department of Veteran Affairs, Dallas, TX, United States
6 Department of Health Economics, Systems, and Policy, Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
7 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Department of Veteran Affairs, West Haven, CT, United States
8 Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, Veterans Affairs Bedford Healthcare System, Department of Veterans Affairs, Bedford, MA, United States
9 Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
