Published on in Vol 14 (2025)

1 Friends Research Institute, Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States
2 Department of Family Medicine, University of California, Center for HIV Identification, Prevention and Treatment Services, Los Angeles, CA, United States
3 Department of Family Medicine, Center for Behavioral and Addiction Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
4 Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
5 Center for Health Economics of Treatment Interventions for Substance Use Disorder, HCV, and HIV, New York, NY, United States
6 Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
*all authors contributed equally
