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This paper is in the following e-collection/theme issue:

Formative Studies and eHealth/mHealth Development (686) Digital Mental Health Interventions, e-Mental Health and Cyberpsychology (3036) Transdiagnostic Mental Health Interventions (265) Artificial Intelligence (4488) Generative Language Models Including ChatGPT (1388) AI Language Models in Health Care (676)

Published on in Vol 13 (2024)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/58195, first published .
Laptop displaying Socrates AI chatbot interface with text and chat bubbles

A Novel Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Generative AI Tool (Socrates 2.0) to Facilitate Socratic Dialogue: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Feasibility Study

A Novel Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Generative AI Tool (Socrates 2.0) to Facilitate Socratic Dialogue: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Feasibility Study

Authors of this article:

Philip Held1 Author Orcid Image ;   Sarah A Pridgen1 Author Orcid Image ;   Yaozhong Chen1 Author Orcid Image ;   Zuhaib Akhtar1 Author Orcid Image ;   Darpan Amin1 Author Orcid Image ;   Sean Pohorence2 Author Orcid Image
Article Authors Cited by (18) Tweetations Metrics

Journals

  1. Kasereka S, Tshibangu K, Nyembo M, Tshitenge L, Muzindusi M, Ilunga G, Amor S, Bope C, Tashev T, Kyamakya K. Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Advancements in Mental Disorders: A Short Review. Procedia Computer Science 2025;257:676 View
  2. Held P, Stade E, Dondanville K, Wiltsey Stirman S. Generative artificial intelligence in posttraumatic stress disorder treatment: Exploring five different use cases. Journal of Traumatic Stress 2025;38(5):813 View
  3. Bucher A, Egger S, Vashkite I, Wu W, Schwabe G. “It’s Not Only Attention We Need”: Systematic Review of Large Language Models in Mental Health Care. JMIR Mental Health 2025;12:e78410 View
  4. Kim Y, Choi C, Cho S, Sohn J, Kim B. Aligning large language models for cognitive behavioral therapy: a proof-of-concept study. Frontiers in Psychiatry 2025;16 View
  5. Boit S, Patil R. A Prompt Engineering Framework for Large Language Model–Based Mental Health Chatbots: Conceptual Framework. JMIR Mental Health 2025;12:e75078 View
  6. Held P, Pridgen S, Szoke D, Chen Y, Akhtar Z, Amin D. AI-Facilitated Cognitive Reappraisal via Socrates 2.0: Mixed Methods Feasibility Study. JMIR Mental Health 2025;12:e80461 View
  7. Voultsiou E, Moussiades L. A Systematic Review of Large Language Models in Mental Health: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions. Electronics 2026;15(3):524 View
  8. Sun D, Zheng Y, Xu J, Yang Z. When Generative AI Meets Socratic Method: Investigating Programming Learning Dynamics Through Behaviours, Interaction Qualities and Perceptions. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning 2026;42(2) View
  9. Shereefdeen H, MacKay M. “It's like dynamite—It can do a lot of good. It could do a lot of harm”: A qualitative study on the uses, benefits, and risks of genAI in public health. DIGITAL HEALTH 2026;12 View
  10. Schuster R, Plessen C, Carlbring P, Walther A. Agents are coming: A 5-Stage Taxonomy of language-based AI-Systems for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Counselling (Preprint). JMIR Mental Health 2026 View
  11. You D, Monteiro D, Seo K. LLM-based chatbots for academic stress counseling: comparing Socratic and Didactic styles in fostering stress reduction and therapeutic alliance. Interactive Learning Environments 2026:1 View
  12. McLean C, Holder N, Holliday R, Rosen C. Redesigning trauma‐focused interventions to address capacity challenges in mental health systems. Journal of Traumatic Stress 2026 View
  13. Ridings L, Held P, Kuhn E, Wiltsey‐Stirman S. Artificial intelligence in traumatic stress treatment: The TRUST framework for ethical development, clinical applications, and research advancement. Journal of Traumatic Stress 2026 View
  14. Yang Y, Qi J, Ji X. Exploring Human-Machine Dynamics: How Do Users Understand and Adapt to the Moral Risks in Healthcare Generative AI Chatbots?. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2026:1 View
  15. Namaziandost E, Feng Teng M. AI‐Supported Socratic Dialogue Agents vs. Generic AI Chatbots for Intermediate EFL Learners’ Critical Thinking, Epistemic Beliefs, and Argumentation: Mixed‐Methods Evidence. International Journal of Applied Linguistics 2026 View

Conference Proceedings

  1. Islam F, Zhao K, Knijnenburg B, Chen M, Leow A, Muthukanagaraj P, Zhan L, Shi C. 2025 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW). Pretraining a Generative AI Model on CBT Sessions to Emulate Human Therapist Strategies: A Study Using the APA Psyctherapy Database View
  2. Wang Y, Escamilla L, Wang Y, Augustine B, Zhang Y. Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Exploring Customizable Interactive Tools for Therapeutic Homework Support in Mental Health Counseling View
  3. Mao L, Dong L, Li W, Hu X, Lee K, Zhou Z. Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Designing Scaffolding Cards to Facilitate LLM-Based Socratic Instruction: An Exploratory Study of Response Strategies to Support Learning View