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RCTs - Protocols/Proposals (non-eHealth) (968) Public (e)Health, Digital Epidemiology and Public Health Informatics (2378) Protocols for Public Health Research and Surveillance (257) Outbreak and Pandemic Preparedness and Management (1978) Innovations in Clinical Trials and Research Data Management (218) COVID-19 Vaccination (275)

Published on in Vol 15 (2026)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/80858, first published .
BEEHIVE logo: Booster Epidemiological Evaluation of Health, Illness and Vaccine Efficacy

Real-World Effectiveness and Noninferiority Evaluation and Comparison of Messenger RNA–Based and Protein-Based COVID-19 Vaccines: Protocol for the BEEHIVE Randomized Study With a Hybrid Effectiveness Design

Real-World Effectiveness and Noninferiority Evaluation and Comparison of Messenger RNA–Based and Protein-Based COVID-19 Vaccines: Protocol for the BEEHIVE Randomized Study With a Hybrid Effectiveness Design

Authors of this article:

Sarang K Yoon1 Author Orcid Image ;   German L Ellsworth2 Author Orcid Image ;   Steph Battan-Wraith3 Author Orcid Image ;   Andrew L Phillips1 Author Orcid Image ;   Rebecca V Fink3 Author Orcid Image ;   Joshua Griffin4 Author Orcid Image ;   Elizabeth A K Rowley3 Author Orcid Image ;   Jacob McKell5 Author Orcid Image ;   Ashley S Smith3 Author Orcid Image ;   Riley Campbell1 Author Orcid Image ;   Jesse Williams1 Author Orcid Image ;   Sarah W Ball3 Author Orcid Image ;   Hongwei Zhao2 Author Orcid Image ;   Brandy Warren6 Author Orcid Image ;   Matthew D Rousculp6 Author Orcid Image ;   Matthew S Thiese2 Author Orcid Image
Article Authors Cited by (3) Tweetations (1) Metrics

Journals

  1. Cakir B, Sertcelik A, Karadogan E, Uzar H, Temizer M, Kara S, Ozden M, Buzgan B, Ozyurek D, Alp A, Pinar A, Ayhan Baser D, Aksoy H, Fidanci I, Calik Basaran N, Ozyavuz Alp S, Arslan V, Sener B. Comparative effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines among health students, focusing on methodological concerns. Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology 2026;6(1) View
  2. Yoon S, Phillips A, Battan-Wraith S, Thiese M, Rowley E, Ellsworth G, Fink R, Chen D, Yates A, Yan F, Ball S, Zhang Y, Toback S, Dunkle L, Rousculp M, Zhao H. Real-world effectiveness and safety of protein-based and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines (BEEHIVE trial). Vaccine 2026;88:128954 View
  3. Yoon S, Phillips A, Zhao H, Yan F, Chen D, Zhuang Y, Thiese M, Rowley E, McKell J, Yates A, Griffin J, Battan-Wraith S, Campbell R, Fink R, Williams J, Green N, Allison T, Zhang Y, Ball S, Toback S, Rousculp M, Ellsworth G. Real-world evaluation of 2023–2024 XBB.1.5 mRNA and protein-based COVID-19 vaccine reactogenicity from the randomized BEEHIVE trial. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 2026;22(1) View