Effect of Live Environmental Music Therapy and Prerecorded Music on State Anxiety, Stress, Pain, and Well-Being Levels of Patients and Caregivers in the Emergency Department Waiting Room: Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial

Effect of Live Environmental Music Therapy and Prerecorded Music on State Anxiety, Stress, Pain, and Well-Being Levels of Patients and Caregivers in the Emergency Department Waiting Room: Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial

Authors of this article:

Angélica Hernández^{1, 2} ;   Ana María Díaz^{2, 3} ;   Ornella Fiorillo Moreno³ ;   Raúl Suárez^{2, 3} ;   Moshé Amarillo⁴ ;   Ana María Moreno¹ ;   Bryan Alonso Ríos Suarez¹ ;   Lina Marcela Gómez González¹ ;   Guiselle Alexandra Cristancho Olaya¹ ;   Mark Ettenberger^{1, 2}